Antihypertensives 🧯

Reference guide for antihypertensive medications. Drug table, dosing, indications, and prescribing for blood pressure management.

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💡 Overview

Antihypertensives are medications used to lower blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Classes include ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics.
Choice depends on comorbidities, side-effect profile, and patient-specific factors.

📋 Common Considerations

Monitor renal function and electrolytes, especially with ACEi/ARBs and diuretics.
Be aware of postural hypotension in elderly patients.
Titrate doses carefully and assess for side effects like cough (ACEi), bradycardia (beta-blockers), or edema (CCBs).

Antihypertensive Medications

Reference table for hypertension management

Drug	Dose	Frequency	Class	Notes
ACE Inhibitors
Ramipril	1.25–10mg	OD	ACEi	Monitor renal function & K+
Lisinopril	2.5–40mg	OD	ACEi	Dry cough common
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
Losartan	25–100mg	OD	ARB	Alternative to ACEi if cough
Candesartan	4–32mg	OD	ARB	Well tolerated
Calcium Channel Blockers
Amlodipine	2.5–10mg	OD	Dihydropyridine CCB	May cause ankle swelling
Diltiazem MR	90–360mg	BD	Non-DHP CCB	Avoid in HF
Beta Blockers
Bisoprolol	2.5–10mg	OD	Beta Blocker	Start low in HF
Atenolol	25–100mg	OD	Beta Blocker	Renally excreted
Diuretics
Indapamide	1.5–2.5mg	OD	Thiazide-like	Effective in elderly
Furosemide	20–80mg	OD–BD	Loop diuretic	Mainly for fluid overload

ACE Inhibitors

Ramipril

ACEi

Dose:1.25–10mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: Monitor renal function & K+

Lisinopril

ACEi

Dose:2.5–40mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: Dry cough common

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

Losartan

ARB

Dose:25–100mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: Alternative to ACEi if cough

Candesartan

ARB

Dose:4–32mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: Well tolerated

Calcium Channel Blockers

Amlodipine

Dihydropyridine CCB

Dose:2.5–10mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: May cause ankle swelling

Diltiazem MR

Non-DHP CCB

Dose:90–360mg

Frequency:BD

Notes: Avoid in HF

Beta Blockers

Bisoprolol

Beta Blocker

Dose:2.5–10mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: Start low in HF

Atenolol

Beta Blocker

Dose:25–100mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: Renally excreted

Diuretics

Indapamide

Thiazide-like

Dose:1.5–2.5mg

Frequency:OD

Notes: Effective in elderly

Furosemide

Loop diuretic

Dose:20–80mg

Frequency:OD–BD

Notes: Mainly for fluid overload

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Drug	Dose	Frequency	Class	Notes
ACE Inhibitors
Ramipril	1.25–10mg	OD	ACEi	Monitor renal function & K+
Lisinopril	2.5–40mg	OD	ACEi	Dry cough common
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
Losartan	25–100mg	OD	ARB	Alternative to ACEi if cough
Candesartan	4–32mg	OD	ARB	Well tolerated
Calcium Channel Blockers
Amlodipine	2.5–10mg	OD	Dihydropyridine CCB	May cause ankle swelling
Diltiazem MR	90–360mg	BD	Non-DHP CCB	Avoid in HF
Beta Blockers
Bisoprolol	2.5–10mg	OD	Beta Blocker	Start low in HF
Atenolol	25–100mg	OD	Beta Blocker	Renally excreted
Diuretics
Indapamide	1.5–2.5mg	OD	Thiazide-like	Effective in elderly
Furosemide	20–80mg	OD–BD	Loop diuretic	Mainly for fluid overload

Drug

Dose

Frequency

Class

Notes

ACE Inhibitors

Ramipril

1.25–10mg

ACEi

Monitor renal function & K+

Lisinopril

2.5–40mg

ACEi

Dry cough common

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

Losartan

25–100mg

ARB

Alternative to ACEi if cough

Candesartan

4–32mg

ARB

Well tolerated

Calcium Channel Blockers

Amlodipine

2.5–10mg

Dihydropyridine CCB

May cause ankle swelling

Diltiazem MR

90–360mg

Non-DHP CCB

Avoid in HF

Beta Blockers

Bisoprolol

2.5–10mg

Beta Blocker

Start low in HF

Atenolol

25–100mg

Beta Blocker

Renally excreted

Diuretics

Indapamide

1.5–2.5mg

Thiazide-like

Effective in elderly

Furosemide

20–80mg

OD–BD

Loop diuretic

Mainly for fluid overload