Electrical Cardioversion Consent ⚡️

🔍 Procedure

  • Electrical Cardioversion – controlled electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm.

💡 Indications

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter not resolving with medication
  • Persistent or symptomatic arrhythmia
  • Pre-cardiac surgery rhythm management

📌 Preparation

  • Fasting (nil by mouth) for at least 6–8 hours pre-procedure.
  • Continue usual medications unless advised otherwise.
  • Bring a list of all medicines including over-the-counter or supplements.
  • Avoid alcohol, smoking, vaping, or recreational drugs for 24 hours prior.
  • You may be asked to remove valuables and wear a gown.

🧾 Procedure Walkthrough

  • You will be asked to fast (no food or drink) for at least 6–8 hours beforehand.
  • You’ll be asked to change into a gown; chest may be shaved and valuables removed.
  • Procedure is done under sedation or general anaesthetic with cardiac monitoring.
  • Pads are applied to the chest (anterolateral or anteroposterior); IV access is inserted.
  • One or more electrical shocks are delivered to restore sinus rhythm.
  • You will be monitored in recovery afterwards and may be discharged same day with an escort.
  • You must not drive, operate machinery, or make important decisions for 24 hours post-procedure.

⚠️ Risks & Complications

  • Common: skin irritation from pads, muscle aches, arrhythmia recurrence, may not restore normal rhythm.
  • Uncommon: physical trauma (e.g. shoulder injury from muscle contraction), bleeding (especially on anticoagulants).
  • Rare: new or worsening arrhythmias, bradycardia needing pacing, stroke (if not anticoagulated), anaesthetic reactions.
  • Very rare: death.
  • Additional risks may apply depending on your condition.
  • Risks of not having the procedure include persistent symptoms, ongoing arrhythmia, stroke risk.

💬 Common Patient Questions

  • Will I feel the shock? — No, you’ll be asleep or deeply sedated.
  • How long will I be in hospital? — Usually same-day discharge.
  • Will it fix my AF permanently? — It may restore sinus rhythm, but recurrence is common without further management.
  • Do I need to stop any meds? — Continue anticoagulation as advised by cardiology.

✅ Benefits

  • Restores normal sinus rhythm in many patients
  • May improve symptoms such as palpitations, fatigue, dyspnoea
  • Reduces risk of AF-related complications in some patients

🔄 Alternatives

  • Medical cardioversion (anti-arrhythmic drugs)
  • Rate control strategy with anticoagulation
  • Ablation (for recurrent AF, especially if symptomatic)

🧠 Special Considerations

  • Ensure adequate anticoagulation pre-procedure (≥3 weeks or TOE confirmed).
  • Correct electrolyte abnormalities (especially K+ and Mg²⁺).
  • Assess anaesthetic and procedural risk based on comorbidities.
  • Interpreter required if language barrier is present.
  • Confirm decision-making capacity or involve substitute decision-maker.
  • Consent for student involvement or recordings must be discussed separately.

🗣️ Example Consent Script

  • "We are recommending electrical cardioversion to restore your normal heart rhythm by delivering a brief electrical shock to the chest."
  • "It will be done under sedation or anaesthetic with close monitoring."
  • "There are some risks, such as rhythm changes, skin irritation, or rarely, stroke. These are why your medications and preparation are important."
  • "If successful, this may improve your symptoms like palpitations or fatigue."
  • "A junior doctor or student may assist under supervision. We can also offer support if you have cultural or spiritual needs."
  • "Do you have any questions, or is there anything you’d like me to clarify before proceeding?"

🔗 External Resources