NG Tube Insertion 🤧

🧠 Indications

  • Enteral feeding when oral intake is not possible (e.g. dysphagia, stroke)
  • Gastric decompression (e.g. small bowel obstruction, ileus)
  • Administration of medications when oral route unavailable

⚠️ Contraindications

  • Suspected or confirmed base of skull fracture
  • Facial trauma or nasal obstruction
  • Recent nasal or oesophageal surgery
  • Severe coagulopathy (relative)

📞 What to Ask / Prep

  • Reason for insertion: feeding, decompression, meds?
  • Is patient alert or confused (aspiration risk)?
  • Check for contraindications (see above)
  • Check for recent facial trauma or surgery
  • Ensure informed consent where possible
  • Gather equipment (NG tube, syringe, lube, tape, pH strips, gloves)

📝 Procedure Steps

  • Explain procedure and gain consent
  • Sit patient upright (ideally 45–90°)
  • Measure from nose → ear → xiphisternum and mark the tube
  • Lubricate tip and gently insert through nostril
  • Ask patient to sip water (if safe) as you advance tube
  • Advance to pre-measured mark
  • Temporarily secure and check position (see below)

📌 Confirmation of Placement

  • Check aspirate pH <5.5 = gastric placement
  • If pH not obtainable or >5.5 → CXR to confirm placement
  • Document confirmation method in notes
  • Do NOT use tube until placement confirmed

🛠️ Troubleshooting

  • No aspirate: try repositioning head, injecting 10ml air then retry
  • Unable to pass: try other nostril, ask senior if still unsuccessful
  • Coughing / distress: withdraw tube, check airway
  • If malposition suspected → remove and start again

📄 Documentation

  • Indication for NG tube
  • Method of placement and confirmation
  • Size and length of tube inserted
  • Any complications
  • Plan for feeding/medications